Hetaeria mannii (Rchb.f.) Benth. ex Durand & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 57 (1894).
Homotypic Synonyms:
Rhamphidia mannii Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 109 (1881).
Zeuxine mannii (Rchb.f.) Geerinck, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 50: 122 (1980).
Description:
Rhizome horizontal in the lower part, creeping in the upper. Stem 28-40 cm tall, erect, glabrous, glandular along the inflorescence axis. Leaves 5-6, gathered in the lower part of the stem, petiolate; petiole and sheath 1.2-3.5 cm long; blade 9-14 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, obliquely lanceolate, ovate to elliptic, acuminate, spirally arranged; 3-4 cauline bracts above the leaves, up to 1.5 cm long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, delicate, glabrous, shorter than internodes. Inflorescence up to 14 cm long, up to 30-flowered, dense. Flowers small, nonresupinate, dirty or brownish-white. Floral bract 8-9 mm long, oblong-lanceolate, acute, glandular outside at the base, delicate. Pedicel I mm long, glabrous. Ovary 8 mm long, narrowly cylindric, densely glandular. Sepals sparsely glandular outside at the base. Dorsal sepal 3-4 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, oblong-ovate, subobtuse. Petals 3-4 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, linear-oblanceolate, acute. Lateral sepals 4-5 mm long, 1.8-2.2 mm wide, obliquely ovate, subacute. Lip constricted near the apex, sessile, basal part 3-4 mm long, 2-2.3 mm wide, saccate with few fingerlike, fleshy projections inside, apical margins involute; epichile bi-lobed, lobes 2-2.3 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide, reflexed, oblong to oblong-ovate, rounded at the apex.
Habitat:
Humid forests. January, May-July, November.
Notes:
Hetaeria mannii differs from other species of the genus by its lip form. Basal part of the lip of Hetaeria mannii is 3-4 mm long, the apical lobes are 2-2.3 mm long and 0.8-1 mm wide, oblong. In two other species of the genus with non-resupinate flowers, Hetaeria tetraptera (Rchb.f.) Summerh. and Hetaeria occidentalis Summerh. basal part of the lip is longer reaching (4)5-6.5 mm long, and the apical lobes are larger -(2.5)3-7.5 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide.
Cultivation:
As given for the genus.
Distribution:
Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea?, Gabon, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire). Alt. up to 100 m.
References:
Orchidaceae of West-central Africa, vol. 1, Gdansk University Press Gdansk 2010
Genus Hetaeria
A key to the genus Hetaeria Blume
| 1. | Lip inferior; raceme 1-6 cm. long, rather densely 3-20-flowered; plant up to 20 cm. high; loaves aggregated in middle of stem; lamina lanceolate, acute, rounded or subcordate at base, 1.5-4.5 cm. long, 6-18 mm. broad; petiole and sheath 7-12 mm. long; dorsal sepal and petals 3-5 mm. long, lateral sepals a little shorter; lip 4-5 mm. long with a concave claw with 2 hooked calli at the base and 2 obovate divergent lobes at the apex | Hetaeria heterosepala |
| Lip superior; raceme 3-20 cm. long, many-flowered | 2 | |
| Lamina of lip divaricately bilobed, lobes narrowest at base, claw unthickened below lamina; outgrowths on face of column free from one another; leaves all along upper part of stem, lamina over 3 cm. long, petiole and sheath over 1.5 cm. long; raceme rather lax, 5-18 cm. long | 3 | |
| 2. | Rostellum longer than the column, 2.5-3 mm. long; leaves obliquely elliptical-ovate or ovate, 3-10 cm. long, 1.5- 4 cm. broad; inflorescence 5-15 cm. long; sepals 5-7.5 mm. long; lip 6.5 mm. long (to apex of middle lobe or central apiculus), lateral lobes 4-6 mm. long, 1.6-3 mm. broad | Hetaeria tetraptera |
| Rostellum equalling or shorter than the column, 0.9-1.2 mm. long; lobes of lip 1.5-4 mm. long | 4 | |
| 3 | Lobes of lip reflexed, oblong or narrowly oblanceolate but not much widened above, 1.5-2 mm. long; claw 3-4 mm. long, base forming two rounded sacs not projecting more than 0.5 mm. below the insertion of the lip; sepals 3-4.5 mm. long; arms of rostellum 0.9 mm. long; plant 30-45 cm. high; leaves obliquely lanceolate, lamina 9-14 cm. long, 2-5 cm. broad | Hetaeria mannii |
| Lobes of lip spreading, broadly cuneate from a narrow base, rounded at apex, 2.5-4 mm. long, 2-3 mm. broad; claw 4-5.5 mm. long, base forming two distinct rounded spurs 1-2 mm. long; sepals 4-6.5 mm. long; arms of rostellum 0.9-1.2 mm. long; plant 30-60 cm. high; leaves obliquely lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, lamina 6-16 cm. long, 2-5 cm. broad | Hetaeria occidentalis |
Species without a key Hetaeria vaginalis Rchb.f.,
World Checklist of Monocotyledons. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.kew.org/wcsp/monocots/ accessed 01/0/2020
Hetaeria tetraptera (Rchb.f.) Summerh., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 207 (1934).
Homotypic Synonyms:
Monochilus tetrapterus Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 110 (1881).
Zeuxine tetraptera (Rchb.f.) T.Durand & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 57 (1894).
Heterotypic Synonyms:
Zeuxine batesii Rolfe in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 7: 182 (1897).
Description:
On dissection of the type specimens wrote Summerh. That he not can see significant differences between these two species. The supposed " trifid " lip of Z. tetraptera given in Rolfe's key is taken from Reichenbach's description in which, however, the middle lobe is said to be a minute apiculus. There is a slight protuberance corresponding to this in the lip of Z. batesii. Hetaeria tetrapterais quite a characteristic member of the genus having a superior lip and distinct outgrowths on the front of the column.
Habitat:
Distribution:
Nigeria to WC. Trop. Africa
Hetaeria heterosepala (Rchb.f.) Summerh., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 207 (1934).
Homotypic Synonyms:
Cheirostylis heterosepala Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 110 (1881).
Zeuxine heterosepala (Rchb.f.) Geerinck, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 50: 120 (1980).
Heterotypic Synonyms:
Zeuxine commelinoides A.Chev., Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 619 (1920), nom. nud.
Zeuxine odzalaensis Geerinck & Lejoly, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 66: 154 (1997).
Description:
Herb, perennial up to 20 cm tall. Rhizome fleshy, creeping, 3-4 mm in diam., rooting at the nodes. Leaves ovate, acute, 2.2-4.5 x 1-1.8 cm; petiole and sheath 8-12 mm long. Inflorescence densely racemose, 2-6 cm long, up to 20-flowered; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-7 mm long, almost as long as the ovary. Flowers usually non-resupinate, with green sepals and white petals and lip; dorsal sepal elliptic, obtuse, 4- 5 x 1.7-2.5 mm, adnate to the petals to form a hood over the column; lateral sepals obliquely ovate, similar to dorsal sepal; petals obliquely oblong-elliptic, 4-4.5 x 1.5 mm; lip bipartite, 3.5-5 x 3-3.5 mm; basal part saccate, bearing 2 recurved, hooked calli at the base within; the apical lobe transversely oblong, emarginate, apiculate; column 2.5 mm long, with two linear, acute to obtuse, porrect arms at apex.
Habitat:
This species occurs on forest floor in deep shade in dense wet forest; around 990 m in Madagascar.
Distribution:
W. Trop. Africa to Tanzania, N. Madagascar
Hetaeria vaginalis Rchb.f., Flora 68: 537 (1885).
Description:
Valida, ultra bipedalis, foliis sex vaginis amplissimis, membranaceis, petiolis brevibus, laminis cuneato oblongis acutis, pedunculo inferne calro, superne glandipili, distanter vaginato, racemo elongalo, laxo, rhachi parce glandipili, bracteis semilanceis acutis uninerviis glandipilibus, ovaria glandipilia aequantibus, sepalis ligulatis obtusis, tepalis angustioribus, labello excavato, ligulato obtuse acuto carinis in fundo ternis, papula utrinque, columna proba Etaeriae.
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Habitat:
Planta habitu Goodyerae procerae ejusdemque dimensionibus. Vaginae foliorum roseolae. Folia sicca inferne rufo aspersa. Semel decepi labellum angustius ante apicern constrictum lobulo antice lobulato, papulis in basi senis.
Distribution:
Comoros
