Genus Tylostigma

Tylostigma filiforme H.Perrier, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 138 (1951).
Description:
Geophyta gracilis erecta, tuberibus 2 anguste oblongis. Folia pauca (3-4), supra caulis medium inserta, subfiliformia (4-5 cm. longa, 1,6 mm. ad basin lata). Racemus subdensus, 15-20-florus, 2-3 cm. longus. Flores in toto 6 mm. longi; ovarium pedicellatum retrorsum adscendens; perianthium 2 mm. longum, ad anthesim subreclinatum. Sepala conniventia, subsimilia. concava, obtuse oblonga (2-2,2 X 0,6-0,7 mm.), opaca, enervia. Petala sepalis paulo breviora sed latiora (1,6 X 1 mm.), hyalina, puncto nigrescente apicem versus ornata. Labellum obtuse calceiforme (2 X 1,5 mm.) ad basim callo parvulo, ad medium speculis 2 et apicem versus callo transverso, facie ornatum; anthera hemispherica, parvula. Capsula obconica (5x2 mm.). costis supra applanatis 6 ornata.
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Note:
Espece ayant un peu l'aspect de T. Perrieri Schltr., mais á gaines inferieures sans limbe, a feuilles developpees au-dessus du miliou á labelle ornemente d'une fagon tres diflerente, a gynosteme a larges lobe anterieurs et a rostelle lineaire.

Key to the varieties Tylostigma filiforme H.Perrier
Habitat:
Distribution:
NE. Madagascar

Tylostigma filiforme subsp. bursiferum H.Perrier, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 138 (1951).
Description:
A Tylostigma filiforme differt: planta minor, labelli dorso ad basim transverse bursiculato.
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Habitat:
Distribution:
NE. Madagascar

Tylostigma foliosum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 33: 21 (1923).
Description:
20-40cm. tall herbs; stem upright, sheathed basally by the limbus-less sheaths, bearing 4-6 lanceolate-linear leaves (generally 18cm. x 8-11mm.). above, shortening gradually and producing the bracts. Rachis densely many flowered, narrowly cylindrical (nearly 13 x 1.4cm ); bracts nanowly lanceolate, greenish. Sepals widely oblong, 3mm. long, the median 1 veined, the laterals oblique and 3 veined. Petals slightly shorter than the sepals, oblique, oval-obtuse, 1 veined, slightly enlarged on their front basal margin. Labellum widely oval-obtuse (2.5 x 2mm.), truncate-rounded basally, bearing a sub-square speculum basally, obviously slightly raised-marginate, and slightly rugose in the apical half. Column very short. Staminodes rounded and irregularly crenulate. Ovary 7mm. long.
Habitat:
Peat-bogs, from 2000m. alt.; flowering: January.
Distribution:
SC. Madagascar

Images:
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Botanical Drawing / Herbarium

Photograph copyright Swiss Orchid Foundation at the Herbarium Jany Renz Image used with kind permission.

Tylostigma herminioides Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 33: 21 (1924).
Description:
15-25cm. tall herbs; tubers fusiform, elongated by a root; stem more or less flexuous, sheathed basally by the sheaths, bearing 3-4 very loosely arranged leaves medially, narrowly linear-acute (7-15cm. x 2.75-3.25mm.), the superiors smaller. Rachis straight, very densely several-many flowered (4-10cm. x 7-8mm. in diameter); bracts lanceolate, very acuminate, the inferiors longer than the flowers; flowers greenish. Sepals oval, very obtuse, 3 veined, generally 2mm. long, the laterals oblique. Petals widely oval, very obtuse, oblique, front basal margin slightly enlarged, slightly shorter than the sepals and 2 veined. Labellum (1.75 x 1.25mm.), widely oval-obtuse, obscurely trilobulate in front, slightly rugose in front ever so often, provided with a semi-square speculum basally, slightly raised-marginate, and with another speculum a quarter the size in front. Column short (less than 1mm.). Ovary 3.5mm. long.
Habitat:
From humid localities, from 2200m. alt.; flowering: March.
Distribution:
C. Madagascar

Images:
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Botanical Drawing / Herbarium

Photograph copyright Swiss Orchid Foundation at the Herbarium Jany Renz Image used with kind permission.

Tylostigma hildebrandtii (Ridl.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 33: 22 (1924).
Homotypic Synonyms:
Habenaria hildebrandtii Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 503 (1885).
Description:
Very thin herbs, 20-40cm. tall, black when dried; tubers small, oval-cylindrical. Leaves graminiform, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, few in number, below the base of the stem. Rachis thin. 5-6cm. long, compact, with numerous yellowish flowers; bracts linear-acuminate, equal to the ovary or slightly longer. Sepals and petals oval-obtuse, subequal, the laterals carenate and the petals 3 veined. Labellum oval-lanceolate, obtuse, excavated basally, thickened apically. Column very short, thick.
Habitat:
Marshes, from 1500-2000m. alt.; flowering: January.
Distribution:
C. Madagascar